C++：循环结构-for语句- 第1题 求平均年龄+2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）

第1题 求平均年龄 [题目描述]

班上有学生若干名，给出每名学生的年龄（整数），求班上所有学生的平均年龄，

保留到小数点后两位。

输入

第一行有一个整数n（1≤ n ≤ 100），表示学生的人数。其后n行每行有1个整数，

表示每个学生的年龄，取值为15到25。

输出

输出一行，该行包含一个浮点数，为要求的平均年龄，保留到小数点后两位。

样例输入

2

18

17

样例输出

17.50

参考程序如下：

#include<cstdio>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

int n,t;

double s;

s=0;//s储存班上同学年龄之和，初始值赋为0

scanf("%d",&n);

for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)//循环累加班上的n名同学的年龄

{

scanf("%d",&t);

s+=t;

}

printf("%.2lf",s/n);//输出班上同学年龄的平均值，精确到小数点后两位。

return 0;

}

下期习题：第2题 均值 [题目描述]

给出一组样本数据，包含n个浮点数，计算其均值，精确到小数点后4位。

输入

输入有两行，第一行包含一个整数n（n小于100），代表样本容量；

第二行包含n个绝对值不超过1000的浮点数，代表各个样本数据。

输出

输出一行，包含一个浮点数，表示均值，精确到小数点后4位。

样例输入

2

1.0 3.0

样例输出

2.0000

提示

     编程不是聪明人的游戏     而是使人变聪明的游戏

博远机器人教育是2014年成立的一家主要从事5-16岁儿童智力及青少年科技培训的服务性机构，秉承和发扬了乐高教学理念。乐高教育课程体系源自丹麦，创始于1932年，倾心教育80多年，是全球最受家长和孩子们喜欢的经典品牌，教学方式独特、专业和充满创造力、乐趣的课程，为5~16岁儿童打开了发现、探索世界及未来创新世界的大门！

2017年由吉林省电教馆举办的：吉林省中小学信息技术创新与实践活动中，省赛特色项目：铁甲钢拳取得冠军，亚军，季军。

2017年全国青少年教育机器人等级考试：吉林省主考单位东北师范大学明珠学校授予首批指定培训基地

2018年由长春市教育局举办的：长春市第一届机器人大赛，狭路相逢项目：取得亚军

2018年由吉林省电教馆举办的：吉林省中小学信息技术创新与实践活动 省赛特色项目：最佳射手取得 冠军 亚军

乐高课程 编程课程咨询电话18844161000（微信同步）

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语（北京卷）

第一部分：听力理解（略）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）

1.（1.5分）What color T﹣shirt does theman plan to order？

A.Red.B.Blue.C.Green.

2.（1.5分）Which sectiondoes the man like to read？

A.News.B.Sports.C.Entertainment.

3.（1.5分）What job willthe man probably take in summer？

A.Lifeguard.B.Tour guide.C.Swimming coach.

4.（1.5分）Where does thewoman want to go on holiday？

A.Turkey.B.Canada.C.Italy.

5.（1.5分）What are thetwo speakers talking about？

A.Shark.B.Camera.C.Movie.

6.（3分）听第6段材料，回答第6至7题.

6.What test arethe speakers going to take on Friday？

A.ScienceB.HistoryC.Music

7.Why does thewoman speaker make the phone call？

A.To discuss her maths problems.

B.To seek help with her English reading.

C.To ask about the homework for tomorrow.

8.（3分）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题.

8.What does theman think is the cause of the woman's illness？

A.Last night's dinner.

B.The hot weather.

C.Bottled water.

9.What is theprobable relationship between the two speakers？

A.Husband and wife.

B.Doctor and patient.

C.Guest and receptionist.

10.（4.5分）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.

10.What is theman doing？

A.Making an invitation.

B.Offering information.

C.Asking for permission.

11.What time isthe woman going to see the dentist this Saturday？

A.10.：30a.mB.12：30p.mC.4：30p.m

12.What is thewoman going to do after seeing the dentist？

A.Clean the house.

B.Take a walk by the lake.

C.Help Jim with his science project.

13.（4.5分）听第9段材料，回答第13至15题.

13.What makesshoppers tired？

A.Queuing for electrically﹣driven cars.

B.Looking for what they want to buy.

C.Carrying shopping around.

14.What is theproblem for building moving walkways in the store？

A.The spaceB.The redesign.C.The technology.

15.Where will thecomputer system send the things shoppers buy？

A.To the exitB.To theshelfC.To theshoppers'homes.

16.（7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间，这段对话你将听两遍.

Missing Person Report Form

Time last seen

About（16）

O'clock in the afternoon

Place last seen

At the （17） section of the store

Name

（18）

Age

Five

Appearance

Dark （19） hair，thin and small

Clothing

Blue （20） ，a pink T﹣shirt，a hat

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21.（1分）Experiments ofthis kind ____in both the U.S.and Europewell before the Second World War.（ ）

A.have conductedB.have beenconducted

C.had conductedD.had beenconducted

22.（1分）____ BarbaraJones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.（ ）

A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom

23.（1分）Tom ____ inthe library every night over the last three months.（ ）

A.worksB.worked

C.has beenworkingD.had beenworking

24.（1分）﹣I don't reallylike Jams.Why did you invitehim？

﹣Don't worry.He ____ come.He said hewasn't certain what his plans were.（ ）

A.must notB.need notC.would notD.might not

25.（1分）It's importantfor the figures ___regularly.（ ）

A.to be undatedB.to have beenupdated

C.to updateD.to have updated

26.（1分）Mary was muchkinder to Jack than she was to the others，___，of course，made all theothers upset.（ ）

A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that

27.（1分）That must havebeen a long trip.

Yeah，it ___ us awhole week yet there.（ ）

A.takesB.had takenC.tookD.was taking

28.（1分）Where are thechildren？The dinner'sgoing to be completely ruined.

﹣I wish they ___ always late.（ ）

A.weren'tB.hadn't been

C.wouldn't heD.wouldn't havebeen

29.（1分）___ volleyballis her main focus，she's also great at basketball.（ ）

A.SinceB.OnceC.UnlessD.While

30.（1分）May be if I___ science，and notliterature then.I would be able to give your more help.（ ）

A.studiedB.would study

C.had studiedD.was studying

31.（1分）The shockingnews made me realize ____ terrible problems we would face.（ ）

A.whatB.howC.thatD.why

32.（1分）﹣Bob has goneto California.

﹣Oh，can you tellme when he ___？（ ）

A.had leftB.left

C.is leavingD.would leave

33.（1分）Sit down.Emma.You will onlymake yourself more worried，____ on your feet.（ ）

A.to keepB.keeping

C.having keptD.to have kept

34.（1分）The employmentrate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the localgovernments to increase ___.（ ）

A.themB.thoseC.itD.that

35.（1分）With newtechnology，pictures ofunderwater valleys can be taken ___ color.（ ）

A.byB.forC.withD.in

第二节完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because.I didn't likeattention drawn to myself.And （36） otherwiseassigned （指定） a seat by theteacher.I always （37） to sit at theback of the classroom.

All this （38） after Ijoined a sports team.It began when a teacher suggested.I try out forthe basketball team.At first I thought it was a crazy（39） because Ididn't have a good sense of balance nor did I have the（40） to keep pacewith the others on the team and they would tease me.But for theteacher who kept insisting on my"（41） for it"，I wouldn'thave decided to give it a try.

Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the （42） of it.When I firststarted （43） the practicesessions.I didn't evenknow the rules of the game much （44） what I wasdoing.Sometimes I'dget （45） and take ashot at the wrong direction﹣which made me feel really stupid.（46） .I wasn't theonly one"new"at the game，so I decidedto （47） on learningthe game，do my best ateach practice session，and not be too hard on myself for thethings I didn't （48） "justyet".

I practiced and practiced.Soon I knewthe （49） andthe"moves"Being part of a team was fun and motivating.Very soon thecompetitive （50） in me waswinning over my lack of confidence.With time，I learned howto play and made friends in the （51） ﹣friends whorespected my efforts to work hard and be a team player.I never had somuch fun!

With my （52） self﹣confidencecomes more praise from teachers and classmates.I have gonefrom"（53） "in theback of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself.（54） raising myhand﹣even when Isometimes wasn't 100percent （55） I had theright answer.Now I havemore self﹣confidence inmyself.

36.A.as

B.until

C.unless

D.though

37.A.hoped

B.agreed

C.meant

D.chose

38.A.continued

B changed

C.settled

D.started

39.A.idea

B.plan

C.belief

D.saying

40.A.right

B.chance

C.ability

D.patience

41.A.going

B.looking

C.cheering

D.applying

42.A.point

B.half

C.rest

D.basis

43.A.enjoying

B.preparing

C.attending

D.watching

44.A.less

B.later

C.worse

D.further

45.A.committed

B.motivated

C.embarrassed

D.confused

46.A.Interestingly

B.Fortunately

C.Obviously

D.Hopefully

47.A.focus

B.act

C.rely

D.try

48.A.want

B.do

C.support

D.know

49.A.steps

B.orders

C.rules

D.games

50.A.role

B.part

C.mind

D.value

51.A.process

B.operation

C.movement

D.situation

52.A.expressed

B.improved

C.preserved

D.recognized

53.A.dreaming

B.playing

C.relaxing

D.hiding

54.A.by

B.for

C.with

D.to

55.A.lucky

B.happy

C.sure

D.satisfied.

第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题8分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

"I WentSkydiving at 84!"

As a young girl growing up in the 1930s，I alwayswanted to fly a plane，but back then it was almost unheard offor a woman to do that.I got a taste of the dream in 2001，when myhusband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.But theexperience turned out to be very dull.Around thattime，I told myhusband that I wanted to skydive.So when ourretirement community （社区）announced that they were having anessay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wantedto have.I decided towrite about my dream.

In the essay，I wrote about my desire to skydive，stating GorgeBush Sr.did it at age80.Why not me？I was just84and in pretty good health.A year went by and I heard nothing.But then at acommunity party in late April 2009，they announcedthat I was one of the winners.I just couldn't believe it.Inspired bythis.I decided torealize my dream，even though some of my family members andmy doctor were against it.

On June 11，2009，nearly 40of myfamily and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while Iheaded up in the airplane.My instructor，Jay，guided methrough the experience.The plane was the noisiest one I had everbeen in，but I wasn'tfrightened﹣I was reallyjust looking forward to the experience.When wereached 13，000feet，Jay instructedme to throw myself out of the plane.When we firsthit the air，the wind wasso strong that I could hardly breathe.For a second Ithought，"Whathave I gotten myself into？"But then everything got calmer.We were in afree fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute （降落伞），then we justfloated downward for about five minutes.Being up inthe clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt﹣much betterthan the hot air balloon.I was just enjoying it.

Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life.I hope otherpeople will look at me and really one of the greatest experiences of my life.I hope otherpeople will look at me and realize that you don't stop living just because youare 84years old.If there's something you want toexperience，look into it.If it'ssomething that is possible，make it happen.

56.What happenedto the author in 2001？

A.She flew anairplane.

B.She entered acompetition.

C.She went on ahot air balloon ride.

D.She moved intoa retirement community.

57.The authormentioned George Bush Sr.in the essay to .

A.build up herown reputation

B.show her admiration for him

C.compare theirhealth condition

D.make herargument persuasive

58.How did theauthor feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane？

A.Excited.B.Scared.C.NervousD.Regretful

59.What did theauthor enjoy most when she was skydiving？

A.The beautifulclouds.

B.The wonderfulview.

C.The company ofJay

D.The one﹣minute freefall.

B

Submission Guidelines

Before sending us a manuscript（稿件），look throughrecent issues（刊物）of the Post toget an idea of the range and style of articles we publish.You willdiscover that our focus has broadened to include well﹣researched，timely andinformative articles on finance，home improvement，travel，humor，and many otherfields.

The Post's goal is to remain unique，with contentthat provides additional understandings on the ever﹣evolvingAmerican scene.

In addition to feature﹣length（专题长度的） articles，the Post buysanecdotes，cartoons，and photos.Payment rangesfrom 25to400.

Our nonfiction needs include how﹣to，usefularticles on gardening，pet care and training，financialplanning，and subjectsof interest to a 45﹣plus，home﹣lovingreadership.For nonfictionarticles，indicate any specialqualifications you have for writing about the subject，especiallyscientific material.Include one or two published pieces withyour article.We prefertyped articles between 1，000and 2，000words inlength.We encourageyou to send both printed and online versions.

We also welcome new fiction.A light，humorous touchis appreciated.We are alwaysin need of straight humor articles.Make us laugh，and we'll buyit.

Feature articles average about 1，000to 2，000words.We likepositive，fresh anglesto Post articles，and we ask that they be thoroughlyresearched.

We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks.You are treeto submit the article elsewhere at the same time.

Please submit all articles to Features Editor.The SaturdayEvening Post，1100Waterway Boulevard.Indianapolis.IN 46202，（317）634﹣1100.

60.Before sendinga manuscript to the Post，a contributor is advised to .

A.get a betterunderstanding of American issues

B.find out therange of the articles in the Post

C.increase hisknowledge in many fields

D.broaden hisresearch focus

61.To submitnonfiction articles，a contributor must .

A.provide hisspecial qualifications

B.be a regularreader of the Post

C.produceprinted versions

D.be over45years old

62.From thepassage we can learn that the Post .

A.allows articlesubmissions within six weeks

B.favors sciencearticles within 2，000words

C.has a hugedemand for humorous works

D.prefersnonfiction to fiction articles.

C

Students andTechnology in the Classroom

I love my Blackberry﹣it's my littleconnection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me.I also love mylaptop computer，as it holds all of my writing andthoughts.Despite thislove of technology，I know that there are times when I needto move away from there devices（设备）and truly communicate with others.

On occasion，I teach a course called History Mattersfor a group of higher education managers.My goals forthe class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.Because I wantstudents to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with eachother in the classroom，I have a rule﹣no laptops，iPads，etc.When studentswere told my rule in advance of the class，some of themwere not happy.

Most students assume that my reasons for this rule includeunpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology.There's a bitof truth to that.Some students assume that I am anti﹣technology.There's notruth in that at all.I love technology and try to keep up withit so I can relate to my students.

The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at thedoor is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deepconversations and truly engagecomplex ideas.Interruptionsby technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence onout information for ideas.I want students to dig deep withinthemselves for inspiration and ideas.I want them topush each other to think differently and to make connections between the coursematerial and the class discussion.

I've been teaching my history class in this way for many yearsand the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that Icreate.Studentsrealize that with deep conversation and challenge，they learn ata level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom

I'm not saying that I won't ever change my mind about technologyuse in my history class，but until I hear a really good reason forthe change，I'm stickingto my plan.A few hours oftechnology﹣free dialogueis just too sweet to give up.

63.Some of thestudents in the history class were unhappy with .

A.the coursematerial

B.others'misuseof technology

C.discussiontopics

D.the author'sclass regulations

64.The underlinedword"engage"in Para.4probably means .

A.explore

B.accept

C.change

D.reject

65.According tothe author，the use oftechnology in the classroom may .

A.keep studentsfrom doing independent thinking

B.encouragestudents to have in﹣depth conversations

C.help studentsto better understand complex themes

D.affectstudents'concentration on course evaluation

66.It can beinferred from the last paragraph that the author .

A.is quitestubborn

B.will give upteaching history

C.will changehis teaching plan soon

D.valuestechnology﹣free dialoguesin his class.

D

As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West inthe past centuries，a new electrical generating（发电）andtransmission （输送） system forthe 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West，for better orworse.Much of thereal significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physicaleffect on the scenery，but in the ways that they affect thesurrounding community.The same is true of big solar plants andthe power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.

The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地） offered torailroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads，leaving publicland in between privately owned land.In much of theWest，some of therailroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped，and in bothcases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.With thecompletion of the interstate highway system，many of thesmall towns，which sprangup as railway stops and developed well，have losttheir lifeblood and died.

Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects farbeyond their direct footprint in the West.This is not anargument against building them.We need alternative energy badly，and to reallytake advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far morereadily than we can now.

So trade﹣offs will have to be made.Some scenicspots will be sacrificed.Some species（物种） will beforced to move，or will becarefully moved to special accommodations.Deals will bestruck to reduce the immediate effects.

The lasting effects of these trade﹣offs areanother matter.The 21thcentury development of the American West as an ideal place for alternativeenergy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region.There arechances for that power and money to do a lot of good.But it is justas likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind，just like therailroads and the highways.

The money set aside in negotiated trade﹣offs and theinstitutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediatefootprint of power plants and transmission lines.So let'sremember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct thesenew power plants in the West.

67.What was theproblem caused by the construction of the railways？

A.Small townsalong the railways became abandoned.

B.Some railroadstops remained underused.

C.Land in theWest was hard to manage.

D.Land grantswent into private hands.

68.What is themajor concern in the development of alternative energy according to the lasttwo paragraphs？

A.Thetransmission of power.

B.The use ofmoney and power.

C.Theconservation of solar energy.

D.The selectionof an ideal place.

69.What is theauthor's attitude towards building solar plants？

A.Cautious

B.Approving

C.Doubtful

D.Disapproving

70.Which is thebest title for the passage？

A.How theRailways Have Affected the West

B.How SolarEnergy Could Reshape the West

C.How theEffects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced

D.How theProblems of the Highways Have Been Settled.

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

PublicSpeaking and Critical Thinking

What is critical thinking？To a certaindegree，it's a matterof logic（逻辑）﹣of being ableto spot weaknesses in other people's arguments and to avoid them in your own.It alsoincludes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessingthe soundness of evidence.

In the broad sense，criticalthinking is focused，organized thinking﹣the ability tosee clearly the relationships among ideas.（71） The greatestthinkers，scientists，and inventorshave often taken information that was readily available put it togetherdifferently to produce new ideas.That，too，is criticalthinking.

（72） As the classgoes on，for example，you willprobably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches.While this mayseem like a purely mechanical（机械的） exercise，it is closelyconnected with critical thinking.If thestructure of your speech is loose and confused，chances arethat your thinking is also disordered and confused.If，on the otherhand，the structureis clear，there is agood chance your thinking is too.Organizing aspeech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have（73） .

What is true of organization is true of many aspects of publicspeaking.（74） As you work onexpressing your ideas in clear，accurate language，you willimprove your ability to think clearly and accurately.（75） As you learnto listen critically to speeches in class，you will bebetter able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.

If you take full advantage of your speech class，you will beable to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances.This is onereason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since thedays of ancient Greece.

A.Rather，it is animportant part of shaping the ideas themselves.

B.This may seemlike a lot of time，but the rewards are well worth it.

C.It may alsohelp you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.

D.It has oftenbeen said that there are few new ideas in the world，onlyreorganized ideas.

E.If you arewondering what this has to do with your public speaking class，the answer isquite a lot.

F.The skills youlearn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in anumber of ways.

G.As you studythe role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking，you will seehow they can be used in other forms of communication as well.

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节情景作文（20分）

32.（20分）假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，下面四幅图描述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故事，请根据图片的先后顺序，为校刊"英语园地"写一篇短文，词数不少于60.

（请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

第二节开放作文（15分）请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

33.（15分）In your spokenEnglish class，your teachershows you the following picture.You are asked to describe the picture andexplain how you understand it.

（请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）

参考答案

第一部分：听力理解（略）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）

略

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21.【分析】句意为：在第二次世界大战之前这种实验已经在美国和欧洲都进行的很好了.

【解答】答案：D.通过时间状语"beforethe Second World War"可判断是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时态；另外，Experiments与conduct之间是被动关系，所以本题要用过去完成时的被动语态.

【点评】考查这类考点时，要注意句中的时间状语，以确定用什么时态，然后判断相关名词和动词之间的关系，是主动关系用主动语态，如果是被动关系，而且动词是及物动词，则用被动语态.

22.【分析】Barbara所能提供给她的粉丝的是诚实和快乐.

【解答】答案：B.主要考查连接代词，主语从句等考点的理解.Barbara Jonesoffers to her fans是主语从句，在句中作主语，offer sb sth给某人某物＝offer sth tosb，从句中缺少宾语，所以用连接代词what.在主语从句中that只能做连词，不充当任何成分，代词what在句中作offer的宾语，指代后面的honesty andhappiness.

【点评】在选择名词性从句的连接词时，要注意分析从句的句子成分，如果不缺任何成分，也没有任何疑问，则用that，如果缺少某个成分，根据需要选择恰当的连接词.

23.【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里，Tom每晚都在图书馆里工作.

【解答】答案C.句中时间状语over the lastthree months 通常与现在完成时连用，所以排除A、B和D选项.此处强调"Tom每晚在图书馆工作"这个动作从过去的三个月就开始一直持续到现在，还有可能会持续下去，因此用现在完成进行时，故选C.

【点评】.本题考查时态的用法.解答此类题目的关键是要读懂句意，分析上下文的语境，判断时态，锁定答案.

24.【分析】句意：﹣﹣我真的不喜欢Jams，你为什么邀请他？﹣﹣别担心，他可能不来，他说他不确定自己的计划是什么.

【解答】答案D. mustn't"禁止，不允许"；needn't"没必要，不需要"；wouldn't"不愿意"；mightnot"可能不"，根据句意，他还不确定自己的计划，说明"不确定性"，他可能不来，故选D.

【点评】本题考查情态动词的用法，结合具体的语境，选择正确选项.

25.【分析】句意：经常更新数据是很重要的.

【解答】答案：A.

分析句子结构可知，动词update（更新）的逻辑主语是the figures（数据），它们之间构成动宾关系，the figures应该是被update，所以应该用被动式，排除C、D；再根据句子中的副词regularly可知，此处应该用动词不定式的一般式的被动式，即to be updated，故A正确.

【点评】本题考查的是不定式的被动式.做题时，先找不定式的逻辑主语，看它们之间是主动还是被动关系，确定语态；然后再看不定式所表示的动作跟主句的谓语动词之间的先后关系，确定时态.

26.【分析】玛丽对杰克比对其他人好得多，这一点使得其他人很沮丧.

【解答】答案B.选项Awho如果先行词是人时可以用，这里不是修饰句子中的人的，所以不可用；选项B的which是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指Mary was much

kinder to Jack than she was to the others整件事，代替先行句，要求用逗号隔开.选项C what不能引导定语从句；选项Dthat可以引导定语从句，有逗号是不可以用的，所以应该选择B.

【点评】做这类题目，要首先分析句子的成分，然后结合句意及选项的用法、意义做出选择.

27.【分析】句意：﹣﹣那一定是很长的旅程.﹣﹣是的，我们花了一周时间才到.

【解答】答案C. must havedone"表示对过去情况的判断"，所以 it ___us awhole week to get there.是在陈述过去的一个事实，要用过去时.故选C.

【点评】本题是中档题，考查一般过去时，"thatmust have been a long trip"是本题的突破点，说明是过去发生的事情，因此时态的题目要结合上下文的语境.

28.【分析】句意：﹣﹣孩子们在哪？这顿饭就要被毁掉了.﹣我希望他们不要总是迟到.

【解答】答案A.wish后面接的宾语从句用虚拟语气.如果与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，be要变成were；如果与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，如果与将来事实相反用would/could/might+V原形.根据句意，我希望他们不要总是迟到，是与现在的事实相反，故选A.

【点评】本题考查wish的虚拟语气，需要掌握wish与现在，过去，将来虚拟时的具体用法.

29.【分析】尽管排球是她的主要兴趣所在，但她还擅长篮球.

【解答】答案D.选项A Since"自从"；选项B once"一旦"选项C unless"除非"；选项 D while"虽然，尽管".根据句意，可知应该选择D.

【点评】做这类题目，应该结合句意以及选项的意义、用法做出选择.

30.【分析】句意：如果那时我学的是科学而不是文学的话，那么我就可以给你提供更多的帮助.

【解答】答案C.本题考查的是错综虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，所以用had done，主句与现在的事实相反，用would+动词原形.

故选：C.

【点评】本题考查虚拟语气，要结合具体的语境选择出正确选项.

31.【分析】句意为：这条令人震惊的消息让我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题.

【解答】答案：A本题考查感叹句作宾语从句.感叹句中 what 所修饰的中心词是名词或名词短语，how 所修饰的中心词是形容词或副词.此题中空格处后面部分的中心词是名词 problems，所以用 what.

【点评】分析句子结构可知，动词realize后的宾语从句中，结构为"感叹词what+adj.+n.+陈述句的语序，如果用how，句子需要作改动：-how terribethe problems were.

32.【分析】句意：﹣鲍勃已经去了加利福利亚﹣﹣哦，你能告诉我他什么时候走的？

【解答】答案B.根据句意，他已经去了加利福利亚，说明"走"这个动作已经是过去了.结合语境可知tell后面的宾语从句强调的是过去的某个动作，所以用一般过去时态.故选B.

【点评】本题考查的是一般过去时，要根据对话内容了解具体的语境选择出正确答案.

33.【分析】句意：Emma，你坐下，老这么站着你会累的.

【解答】答案B.分析句子结构可知，"You willonly make yourself more tired"是主句，逗号之后应该是非谓语动词形式.主句中的主语"you"与"keep onyour feet"是主动关系，因此应该用现在分词，排除A和D项.C项是现在分词的完成式，表示"一直站着"这个动作发生在"使自己累"动作之前，在本题中用现在分词一般式做伴随状语，表示动作与主句动作同时发生，因此B项符合，故选B.

【点评】本题考查非谓动词用法.解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析句子结构，判断是谓语还是非谓语，如果是分词做状语的时候，看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式；如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式.

34.【分析】句意：多亏了政府不断努力去提高就业率，就业率在大城市持续增长.

【解答】答案C.them指代上文出现的复数名词；those指代可数名词复数形式；it指代上文出现的同一事物；that指代不同数名词或者可数名词单数，后面必须有定语修饰.根据句意：本题的it指代上文的the employmentrate.故选C.

【点评】本题考查代词的辨析，要熟悉相关代词的用法，再结合句意选择出正确的选项.

35.【分析】借助新技术，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片.

【解答】本题选D A by colour按照颜色；B for color 无此搭配 C with colour带有色彩 D in colour彩色的，多色的结合意思，故选 D

【点评】考查介词的习惯搭配，需要弄懂各个选项的意思，根据句意再判断正确选项.

第二节完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

36.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述自己过去不喜欢引起别人重视，到后来在老师建议下参加了篮球队，而从比赛中学会了如何交友，并最终变得积极乐观的故事.

【解答】C考查连词辨析.从前文得知"我"过去常常很讨厌在班级上被人点名，因为"我"不喜欢引起别人的注意.除非老师给我指定了座位，否则"我"总是坐在教室的后排.unless"除非-否则"故选D.

37.D考查动词辨析.根据前文，应该是"我"选择坐在教室后排.choose 过去式chose.故选C.

38.B考查动词辨析.根据后面作者的描述，所有的这一切在"我"加了一个篮球队以后发生了改变.changed 改变；continued 继续；settled 解决安顿； started 开始；故选B.

39.A考查名词辨析.根据句意可知，起先，"我"认为这是老师的这个建议是一个疯狂的想法（idea），因为"我"没有好的平衡感.belief 信念，故选 A.

40.C考查名词辨析.根据句意可知，应该是"我"也没有能力与别的队员保持步调一致，他们会取笑"我"的.固定短语"have theability to do sth"意为"有能力做某事".故选D.

41.A考查动名词辨析.固定搭配"go forit"努力去做吧！根据句意可知，要不是老师坚持让我去努力的话，"我"不会再去尝试的. look for 寻找； cheer for 为-欢呼；apply for 申请；故选A.

42.B考查名词辨析.根据句意可知，鼓起勇气去参加选拔赛仅仅只是这个想法的开始，即只完成了事情的一半.故选B.

43.C考查动名词辨析.根据句意可知，当"我"第一次参加练习赛时，我甚至连比赛规则都不知道.故选C.

44.A考查形容词比较级辨析.much less 更不用说.而别的答案均没有此意思.句意：更不用说，"我"要做什么了.故选A.

45.D考查过去分词辨析.get confused变得困惑；motivated 积极的； embarrassed 尴尬的； committed 坚定的；根据句意可知，有时候"我"变得很困惑，在错误的一边进行了投篮，这样使我感到非常愚蠢.故选D.

46.B考查副词辨析.根据上下文意思，作者说自己是幸运的，因为他不是唯一一个新手.A.令人有趣地；C.明显地；D.充满希望地；B幸运的；B项符合语境，故选B.

47.A考查动词辨析.句意：我决定集中精力来学习这项运动.focuson集中精力； rely on 依赖； try on试穿；act on 作用于-；根据句意可知，A项符合语境，故选A.

48.D考查动词辨析.根据句意可知，作者并没有对自己现在不知道的东西，要求过去苛刻.故选D.

49.C考查名词辨析.根据句意可知，作者不断的练习，不久就知道了规则和动作.前文提到过作者连对规则都不懂，所以这里rule （规则）符合语境，故选C.

50.B考查名词辨析.根据语境可知，作者参加的这些比赛使他战胜了缺乏自信的毛病.故选B.

51.A考查名词辨析.process 过程； movement 运动； operation 运营；situation情形；根据语境可知，作者学会了如何打球，如何在此过程中交朋友.故选A.

52.B考查过去分词辨析.improved提高的，改进过；express表达；preserve保存；recognize识别；根据句意可知，作者不断提高的自信，得到了老师，同学的赞扬.故选B.

53.D考查动词辨析.根据句意，作者从老是躲在教室后排的学生，不愿引起注意的学生变成了爱举手回答问题的学生.hide 躲藏，故选D.

54.D考查介词辨析.从句子结构可知，句中有结构"form-to"从-到；故选A

55.C考查形容词辨析.根据句意可知，作者现在经常举手回答问题，甚至有时候自己并不是100%确定答案是正确的时，也积极回答问题.故选C.

【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案.第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格.如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案.有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定.第三步，复查定稿.从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择.

第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题8分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

56.【分析】本文讲述了作者在2001年时，她的丈夫帮助实现了她少女时代的梦想﹣﹣﹣在热气球上漂流.并讲述了当时的体验经历.

【解答】C 细节理解题.根据"I got ataste of the dream in 2001，when my husband arranged for me to ridein a hot air balloon for my birthday."2001年在我丈夫为我安排的热气球漂流上，我实现了我的梦想.不管梦想是什么（当然从前文可知是fly a plane），2001年这姐们儿坐上了热气球，所以选C

57.D 细节理解题.根据第二段开头In the essay（短文），I wrote aboutmy desire to skydive，stating George Brush Sr.did it at age80.在竞赛短文中，我写到了自己想跳伞的欲望，提及了乔治布什曾在80岁时这样做过.可知.D项正确.

58.D 推理判断题.由"When wereached 13，000feet，Jay instructedme to throw myself out of the plane.When we firsthit the air，the wind wasso strong that I could hardly breathe.For a second Ithought，"Whathave I gotten myself into？"But then everything got calmer."可推知，D项正确.

59.B细节理解题.根据"Being upin the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have everfelt﹣much betterthan the hot air balloon.I was just enjoying it."可知，答案B正确.

【点评】做阅读理解题，只要读懂文章的大意，然后再带着问题在文章中找信息句可以.并非要每一句都读懂.

60.【分析】本文是出版社向投稿人介绍的稿件提交指南，投稿者在发送稿件之前，要先看看最近出版的刊物，了解文章的范围和风格，并且对作品的特色、字数、形式给出了要求.

【解答】B 细节理解题，根据"Beforesending us a manuscript（稿件），look through recent issues（刊物）of the Post toget an idea of the range and style of articles we publish."可知，投稿者在发送稿件之前，看看最近出版的刊物，了解文章的范围和风格，故选B.

61.A 细节理解题.根据"Fornonfiction articles，indicate any special qualifications youhave for writing about the subject，especiallyscientific material"可知，提交非小说类文章，投稿人必须提供自己的特殊资格，故选A.

62.C 细节理解题.文中没提到sciencearticles，所以B项错误；根据"Wenormally respond to article submissions within six weeks"可知C项错误；D项文中也没提到.根据"A light，humorous touchis appreciated.We are alwaysin need of straight humor articles"可知，对幽默作品有着巨大的需求，故选C.

【点评】本文是广告布告类阅读.阅读这类文章时，要在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息.一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较.做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果.

63.【分析】此篇是议论文，文章论述的主题是，"studentsand technology"文章以教师的口吻谈到为何不允许学生在课堂上玩ipad、手机等通讯工具，因为technology会影响我们的深入交流.

【解答】答案：D.细节理解题.根据第二段最后一句话"Whenstudents were told my rule in advance of the class，some of themwere not happy"可知，当学生们在课堂上被提前告诉我的规则时，有些人不高兴.故选D.

64.答案：A.词义猜测题.根据第四段第一句中"Ithinkthere are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and trulyengage complex ideas."可知，technology会影响我们深入的交流.此处 engage 和 explore 同义，意为"探讨".故选A.

65.答案：A.细节理解题.根据文章倒数第二段最后一句"Studentsrealize that with deep conversation and challenge，they learn ata level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom."可知，作者认为technology会阻碍学生们的独立思考能力.故选A.

66.答案：D.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段特别是最后一句"A fewhours of technology﹣free dialogue is just too sweet to giveup"可知作者深信technology会影响我们的深入交流.作者最终坚持她的valuestechnology﹣free dialoguesin his class的观点.，故选 D.

【点评】做此类题时应做到以下几点：

1、浏览试题，明确要求.

2、通读全文，抓住主要内容.

3、抓住中心思想和段落大意.

4、有针对性地仔细阅读，找寻所需信息.

5、进行合理的推理判断.

67.【分析】本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍的是一种新型的太阳能装置是否能重新塑造出美国西部的新的发展，人们对于新型的能源很渴望，但是也有很多的担心.太阳能在西部的利用会用什么样的影响，是否可能和高速公路和铁路一样，对美国西部的发展造成的了有好也有坏的影响.

【解答】C 细节理解题.根据第二段的In much of theWest，some of therailroad sectionswere developed while others remained undeveloped，and in bothcases thelandownership has presented unique challenges to land management.可知，铁路建设所引起的问题是西部的土地难以管理，故选C.

68.B 细节理解题.根据倒数第二段的There arechances for that power and money to do a lot of good.But it is justas likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind，可知人们很担心能源和金钱没有被正确地使用，而是被浪费掉了，故选B.

69.A 作者态度题.作者由铁路和高速公路在西部建设过程中出现的好的和坏的影响来说明太阳能发电厂在西部建设也会出现同样的问题.所以作者的态度很谨慎，故选A.

70.B 主旨大意题.本文主要讲述的就是新型的太阳能是否能重新塑造出西部的新的发展，人们对于新型的能源很渴望，但是也有很多的担心.故选B.

【点评】这篇文章考查了细节题，主旨题，作者态度题，其中作者观点态度题的解题方法要求考生通过在文中寻找带有感情色彩的词来判断作者的态度外，有时还需要综合运用一些阅读方法，如：根据文章中与问题相关的细节做出判断，根据作者提供的例证推断其暗示的态度、观点，：作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观.，需要同学们通读全文并把握文章的主旨，最后做出正确的选择.

第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

71.【分析】本文介绍了辩证思考，在某种程度上，辩证思考是一种逻辑思维，即我们能通过分析别人的论点来驳倒他.同时，辩证思考还需要一些相关技能，如从观点中分析事实，评估证据的真实性.

【解答】D考查句意理解和上下文.根据前面"In thebroad sense，criticalthinking is focused，organized thinking 有组织的思考"可知，D项"It has oftenbeen said that there are few new ideas in the world，onlyreorganized ideas"符合语境，故选D.

72.E考查句意理解和上下文.根据空后"As theclass goes on for example-"和"speakingclass"有关，E项"If youare wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class，the answer is quitea lot"中的课堂演讲符合语境，故选E.

73.A考查句意理解和上下文.根据关键句子"Organizinga speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have"可知，应该选择"organizinga speech"的另一个重要性，A项中"Ratherit is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves"与前句是转折关系符合语境，故选A.

74.F考查句意理解和上下文.根据关键句子"What istrue of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking"提到公众演讲，而F项中"Theskills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effectivethinker in a number of ways"在演讲班学到的技能能帮助你在很多方面成为有效的思考者.可知选F.

75.G考查句意理解和上下文.根据关键句子"As youwork on-"及"As youlearn to listen critically to speeches in class-"可知，应该选择动作顺承的选项，所以选择G项.

【点评】本题考查信息匹配.解答此类题目应该遵循以下步骤：先阅读匹配对象，然后带着匹配对象中的关键信息阅读前面的信息材料，阅读材料时可用笔划出关键点，以引起注意，便于记忆和理顺思路，已选用的选项可用笔表明，以排除干扰，减轻大脑负担，提高答题速度和正确率，最后锁定答案.

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节情景作文（20分）

32.【分析】本文是图画类作文，要求根据四幅图的先后顺序，描述近期发生在班级的一个真实故事.既是情景作文又是一种提纲作文.在写作时，描述图片应以第一、三人称和过去时态为主.根据情景的发展，抓住细节按顺序安排好材料.重要短语：be worriedabout-.（担心-），with the helpof（在-帮助之下），It turned outthat-.（结果是，证明是-.），feel sorry for（觉得抱歉），returned to sp（返回到某处），be proudof（自豪-）.

【解答】Last Monday，we were havingour Chinese class when the teacher suddenly slipped and fell.We were allworried about her.（老师摔倒）One of the boys carried her on theback，with the helpof some others，to the clinicimmediately.It turned outthat her right leg was broken and she had to stay in the hospital.【高分句型】（送医院就医）The followingday，we went tovisit her with flower and fruit.Seeing her lying in bed with leg wrappedin bandages，we felt sorryfor her and hoped that she would recover soon.【高分句型】（看望老师）This Thursdayshe returned to the class on a wheelchair to give us lessons.We were alldeeply moved and proud of having such a responsible teacher.（老师重返课堂，学生感动）

【点评】看图作文要求将画面所包含的有效信息用文字表达出来，并适当拓展并发挥想象.如果是记叙文类的素材，要注意故事的时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、过程、结果这六个要素；如果是说明文或议论文，首先要对图画的内容进行描述，然后围绕图画的信息进行说明或议论.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次.

第二节开放作文（15分）请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

33.【分析】本文为看图作文.根据对图片的理解及英语提示写一篇短文.写作时可按"二段式"来写，首先描述图片点明主题，分析其含义，最后发表感想.基本时态为一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主.重要短语：full of-.（充满，装满），reach out（伸出-..），on the edge of-..（在-..边缘），lead sbto-..（引导，带领某人去-..），pursue a dream（追逐梦想），focus on（集中），be willing to（愿意），cross thebridge （过桥）.

【解答】In the picture，there stands atree full of fruit on one side of the stream.Across thestream，a man istrying to reach out on the edge of the band for the fruit with a net attachedto a pole.【高分句型】Not far awaythere is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.（描述图片）

The message conveyed in the picture isclear.In pursuing adream，we might focuson only one say of making it come true，forgettingthat there may be alternatives.【高分句型】As indicated in the picture，if the man iswilling to look for other possibilities，he can find abetter and more rewarding way to achieve his goal.【高分句型】All he has todo is to turn around，cross the bridge and walk to the tree.（自己的理解）

【点评】写作看图作文时，首先认真看图，结合图片和文字，确定所要表达的主题是什么，然后围绕主题，提炼要点，合理想象，对译出的要点通过合理的组合，加上必要的连接词使表达连贯.同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型.